Allergic conjunctivitis is one of the main cause of red eyes.  It is very common with an estimated 40% of population being affected by allergy some time during their life.  It is more common in people with allergies such as eczema, allergic rhinitis or asthma. There are 2 main types of allergic conjunctivitis; 

• Seasonal Allergic Conjunctivitis (caused by pollen and is more common in spring time when flowers bloom)
• Perennial Conjunctivitis (can be all year round and often triggered by allergens such as dust, dust mites, smoke, animal fur, chemicals, contact lens solution, eye make-up or changes in weather and temperature)

Symptoms

The common symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis include;

• Itching of eyes (especially the inner corners)
• Watery with mucus discharge
• Red and swollen eyes
• Burning sensation or discomfort or gritty sensation
• Swollen eyelids with ‘eye bags’
• Nasal symptoms such as a runny nose and sneezing (especially on waking)

Management of Allergic Conjunctivitis

Management of allergic conjunctivitis involves (1) treating the symptoms and once the episode is successfully treated, (2) preventing future flare-ups

Treating Symptoms

• The eyes feel better when you avoid the glare from sunlight.  You can apply cold towel compress and lie in a cool room to relax
• Artificial lubricating tears can help wash away allergens 
• Anti-inflammation medication (such as mild steroids or NSAIDs (Nevanac) eye drops) help reduce itch and swelling
• Anti-allergy eye drops (such as anti-histamine or mast cell stabiliser eye drops) can prevent further aggravation of the allergy
• Oral anti-histamine medication can help in severe cases which is associated with allergic rhinitis

Preventing flare-ups

• Avoid allergens by staying indoors during pollen season or when the air is polluted with haze, dust or smoke
• Change your clothes once you come in from work where it has been smoky or dusty
• Wash your face after exposure dust or smoke
• Always shower before going to sleep so that your bed is always free from outside allergens
• Vacuum your mattress at least once a month
• Expose your pillows to clean air and the sun to reduce or kill the dust mite colony

Discuss the treatment options with your doctor or pharmacist

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